• This comprehensive guide to all aspects of caring for horses, cattle, camelids, small ruminants, and pigs helps veterinary technician students learn everything they need to know about large animal medicine.

    Presented in full-color, Large Animal Medicine for Veterinary Technicians provides species-specific coverage with a wealth of images, as well as clinical applications. Coverage includes AVMA-required topics such as hospital biosecurity, restraint, physical examinations, nutrition, clinical and diagnostic procedures, reproduction, neonatology, and disease.

    To reinforce the text, an accompanying website offers review questions and answers, case studies, and an image bank with additional photographs to aid in breed identification.

    Veterinary technician students, veterinary technician educators, and veterinary technicians in practice who wish to foster and expand their knowledge of large animal medicine will find Large Animal Medicine for Veterinary Technicians an invaluable resource.

  • Contributors ix

    Preface xi

    Abbreviations xii

    About the Companion Website xiv

    Chapter 1 Hospital Biosecurity 1
    Leslie Hiber

    Introduction 2

    Cycle of Infection 2

    Transmission 4

    Patient Placement in the Hospital 7

    Proper Gowning Techniques 10

    Hand Hygiene 13

    Disinfection and Sterilization 15

    Hospital Management 19

    Infection Control Programs 20

    Surveillance 22

    Multidrug Resistant Organisms, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus sp., and Zoonotic Diseases 23

    Zoonotic Diseases 24

    Summary 24

    References 24

    Chapter 2 Restraint 29
    Ann Elizabeth Goplen, Sergio Gonzales, Sheryl Ferguson, Darcy DeCrescenza, Laura Lien

    Introduction 30

    Knots 30

    Basic Behavior of Large Animals 39

    Small Ruminant Restraint 41

    Camelid Restraint 45

    Bovine Restraint 48

    Equine Restraint 54

    Swine Restraint 61

    References 62

    Chapter 3 History 65
    Stacie K. Seymour

    Introduction 65

    Ruminants 68

    Camelids 70

    Equine 70

    Porcine 73

    Multiple Species Management 75

    References 75

    Chapter 4 Physical Exam 77
    Scott R. R. Haskell, Bonnie L. Loghry, Carrie J. Finno, Kristen Wegner, Jamie DeFazio, William Gilsenan, Amy L. Johnson

    Introduction 78

    Food Animal Physical Exam 80

    Equine Physical Exam 89

    The Equine Pain Score 98

    Summary 103

    References 103

    Chapter 5 Nutrition 107
    Kara M. Burns

    Introduction 107

    Equine Nutrition 110

    Cattle Nutrition 125

    Camelid Nutrition 126

    Sheep and Goat Nutrition 127

    Swine Nutrition 136

    Summary 141

    References 141

    Chapter 6 Clinical Procedures 145
    Annette M. McCoy, Erica McKenzie, Sue Loly

    Introduction 146

    Venous Catheterization 146

    Arterial Catheterization 149

    Urinary Catheterization 150

    Tracheostomy 151

    Blood Products and Administration 153

    Medication Administration 155

    Fluid Administration 162

    Intraosseous Administration 165

    Nasogastric and Orogastric Intubation 166

    Transfaunation 169

    Ongoing Monitoring 170

    Nursing Care for the Recumbent Patient 171

    Dentistry 176

    References 177

    Chapter 7 Diagnostic Procedures 181
    Sue Loly, Joann Slack, Laura Lien, Rolf B. Modesto, Sheryl Ferguson

    Introduction 182

    Abdominocentesis 182

    Arthrocentesis 184

    Bronchiolar Alveolar Lavage (BAL) 185

    Biopsies 186

    Cerebral Spinal Fluid Tap (CSF) 193

    Coagulation Studies 195

    Dermatology 197

    Electrocardiogram 199

    Endoscopy 209

    Milk Cultures 212

    Thoracocentesis 213

    Transtracheal Wash 215

    References 216

    Chapter 8 Medical Imaging 221
    Myra F. Barrett, Kurt Selberg, Sheryl Ferguson, Joann Slack, Susan Steward

    Introduction 222

    Safety and Quality 222

    Radiography 222

    Nuclear Scintigraphy 245

    Ultrasonography 248

    Magnetic Resonance Imaging 255

    Computed Tomography 256

    References 258

    Chapter 9 Reproduction 261
    Harry Momont, Celina M. Checura

    Introduction 261

    Anatomy and Physiology of Reproduction 262

    Clinical Examination of the Male and

    Female for Breeding Soundness 269

    Reproductive Disorders 273

    Reproductive Management 274

    References 277

    Chapter 10 Neonatology 279
    Laura Lien

    Introduction 279

    Perinatal Period 280

    Neonatal Infections 282

    Premature Neonates 285

    Nursing Care 288

    References 292

    Chapter 11 Diseases 295
    Fernando J. Marqués, William Gilsenan, Amy L. Johnson, Shirley Sandoval, Sian Durward-Akhurst, Stephanie Rutten-Ramos, Sue Loly, Heather Hopkinson

    Disease 295

    Actinobacillus Pleuropneumonia (APP) 296

    Acute Hypocalcemia (Milk fever) 297

    Anaplamosis 297

    Anemia 298

    Anterior Uveitis 299

    Anthrax 300

    Ascaridiasis 302

    Atrophic Rhinitis 302

    Bacillary Hemoglobinuria (a.k.a., Red Water Disease, clostridial hepatitis) 303

    Blackleg 304

    Bloat (Ruminal tympany) 305

    Blue Tongue (a.k.a., BTV, Catarral Fever) 306

    Botulism 307

    Bovine Coronavirus (BCV) 309

    Bovine Herpes Virus 1 Infection (Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis [IBR]) 309

    Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV); Adult Lymphosarcoma 310

    Bovine Papular Stomatitis (BPS) 311

    Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) 312

    Brucellosis 314

    Calf Scours 314

    Campylobacteriosis 315

    Cancer Eye Ocular Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) 316

    Candidiasis (Thrush) 317

    Caseous Lymphadenitis (CL) 317

    Cervical Vertebral Stenotic Myelopathy (CVSM, a.k.a., Wobbler’s Syndrome) 318

    Choke 320

    Chorioptic Mange 321

    Clostridium perfringens Diarrhea 322

    Coccidiosis 323

    Colitis 324

    Contagious Ecthyma (a.k.a., Orf, SoreMouth) 325

    Corneal Ulceration 325

    Demodectic Mange, Demodicosis 326

    Contagious Equine Metritis (CEM) 327

    Digital Dermatitis (Hairy heel wart, Papillomatous digital dermatitis, Mortellaro’s disease) 328

    Eperythrozoonosis 329

    Equine Degenerative Myeloencephalopathy (EDM) 330

    Equine Gastric Ulcer Syndrome 331

    Equine Herpesvirus Myeloencephalopathy (EHM) 332

    Equine Infectious Anemia (EIA) 334

    Equine Motor Neuron Disease (EMND) 335

    Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM) 336

    Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA) 337

    Equine Viral Encephalitides (EEE, WEE, VEE) 338

    Entropion 339

    Erysipelas 340

    Escherichia coli 341

    Exertional Rhabdomyolysis (ER; a.k.a., Monday Morning Disease, azoturia, Equine rhabdomyolysis syndrome, tying-up, chronic exertional rhabdomyolysis) 342

    Fescue Toxicity 343

    Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) 344

    Foot Rot 345

    Grass Tetany 345

    Guttural Pouch Empyema 346

    Guttural Pouch Mycosis 347

    Haemophilus parasuis (Glässer’s Disease) 348

    Head Trauma 348

    Hepatic Encephalopathy 350

    Hog Cholera (Classical Swine Fever) 351

    Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP) 351

    Infectious Bovine Keratoconjunctivitis (IBK, “Pink eye”) 353

    Influenza 354

    Iodine Deficiency 354

    Johne’s Disease (Paratuberculosis) 355

    Ketosis 356

    Laminitis 357

    Leptospirosis 358

    Lice 359

    Leukoencephalomalacia (Moldy Corn Disease) 360

    Listeriosis 361

    Lumpy Jaw (Actinomycosis) 362

    Malignant Hyperthermia (Porcine Stress Syndrome) 363

    Mastitis 364

    Melanoma 365

    Neosporosis 366

    Ovine Progressive Pneumonia (OPP), Maedi 367

    Parelaphostrongylosis 367

    Pasteurella Pneumonia 368

    Phenylbutazone Toxicity 369

    Polioencephalomalacia 370

    Polyneuritis Equi (Cauda Equina Neuritis) 371

    Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy (a.k.a., PSSM, EPSM, EPSSM) 372

    Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) 373

    Potomac Horse Fever (a.k.a., Equine Monocytic Ehrlichiosis, Equine Ehrlichial Colitis, Ditch fever, PHF) 374

    Precocious Udder (Inappropriate Lactation) 375

    Pseudorabies (PRV, Aujeszky’s disease) 376

    Psoroptic Mange (Common Sheep Scab) 376

    Pulpy Kidney Disease (Type D enterotoxemia, overeating disease) 377 Q Fever 378

    Recurrent Airway Obstruction (RAO, a.k.a., heaves or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) 379

    Rabies 380

    Ringworm (Dermatophytosis) 381

    Salmonellosis 382

    Sarcoptic Mange 383

    Scrapie 384

    Septic Arthritis 385

    Sheep and Goat Pox 385

    Strangles 386

    Streptococcal Infections 388

    Swine Influenza 389

    Tetanus 389

    Trichomoniasis 391

    Ulcerative Dermatosis 391

    Urolithiasis 392

    Vesicular Stomatitis 394

    Warts (Cutaneous papillomas) 395

    West Nile Virus Infection (WNV) 395

    White Muscle Disease 397

    Wooden Tongue (Actinobacilosis) 397

    References 398

    Multiple Choice Questions Answer Bank 405

    “Test Your Learning” Answer Bank 411

    Glossary of Terms 419

    Index 427

  • Laura Lien, CVT, MS, VTS (LAIM)is a member of the Association of Veterinary Technician Educators and holds a Veterinary Technician Specialty in Large Animal Internal Medicine with the Academy of Internal Medicine for Veterinary Technicians. She was awarded Veterinary Technician of the Year by the Wisconsin Veterinary Technician Association in 2009.

    Susan Loly, LVT, VTS (EVN)is Large Animal Hospital Technical Supervisor at the University of Minnesota Equine Clinical Services Center. She holds a Veterinary Technician Specialty in Equine Veterinary Nursing and was voted AAEVT Member of the Year in 2012.

    Sheryl Ferguson, CVT, VTS (LAIM)is Large Animal Hospital Manager at the University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center. She is a member of the Large Animal Internal Medicine Academy for Veterinary Technicians and has plays active member of the AIMVT credentialing committee.

Veterinary Clinics of North America
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