Advances in Pig Welfare 2nd Edition

• Cover image

• Title page

• Table of Contents

• Copyright

• Contributors

• Introduction

• The book content

• A wish for the book

• References

• Part One: Introduction

• 1: Pigs’ needs and wants

• Abstract

• 1.1: Introduction

• 1.2: Needs and wants as part of animal welfare

• 1.3: Pigs’ needs and wants

• 1.4: Preferences

• 1.5: Meeting pigs’ needs and wants

• 1.6: Future perspective and conclusions

• References

• 2: Pain in pigs: Characterisation and indicators

• Abstract

• 2.1: Introduction

• 2.2: Definition of pain

• 2.3: Pain terminology

• 2.4: Anatomy and physiology of pain

• 2.5: Indicators of pain in pigs

• 2.6: Conclusions/future trends

• References

• 3: Stress in pigs: History, assessment, and interpretation

• Abstract

• 3.1: Introduction

• 3.2: Stress assessment in pigs

• 3.3: State-of-the-art assessment of stress in pigs

• 3.4: Conclusions and outlook

• References

• 4: Affective states and cognition in pigs

• Abstract

• 4.1: Introduction

• 4.2: Affective states and personality

• 4.3: Pig senses and cognition

• 4.4: Conclusions and outlook

• References

• 5: Positive welfare: What does it add to the debate over pig welfare?

• Abstract

• Acknowledgments

• 5.1: Introduction

• 5.2: Origins of ‘positive animal welfare’

• 5.3: Measuring positive welfare in pigs through behavioural indicators

• 5.4: Positive pig welfare in the real world

• 5.5: What does positive welfare add to the debate over pig welfare?

• 5.6: Conclusions and future developments

• References

• Part Two: Pig welfare hotspots and mitigation

• 6: Overview of commercial pig production systems and their main welfare challenges

• Abstract

• 6.1: Introduction

• 6.2: Production cycle of pigs

• 6.3: Housing systems and EU welfare regulation

• 6.4: Welfare challenges and possible improvements

• 6.5: Conclusions and future development

• References

• 7: Mitigating hunger in pregnant sows

• Abstract

• Acknowledgements

• 7.1: Development of dry sow feeding and housing

• 7.2: Concern over dry sow welfare

• 7.3: Reducing hunger/improving satiety in dry sows by changing the diet to include more dietary fibre

• 7.4: Different types of dietary fibre

• 7.5: Behavioural and physiological changes seen in sows given high-fibre diets

• 7.6: Number and timing of meals

• 7.7: Do dietary fibres and foraging substrate improve welfare in dry sows?

• 7.8: Fibre in typical industry diets

• 7.9: Environmental impacts of fibre diets for sows

• 7.10: Future trends

• 7.11: Conclusions

• References

• 8: Sow longevity

• Abstract

• 8.1: Introduction

• 8.2: Definitions of sow longevity

• 8.3: Economics of sow longevity

• 8.4: Additional consequences of reduced sow longevity

• 8.5: Genetic and non-genetic aspects of sow longevity

• 8.6: Reasons why sows leave the breeding herd

• 8.7: Conclusions

• References

• 9: Sow welfare in farrowing systems

• Abstract

• 9.1: Introduction

• 9.2: Genetic ‘improvement’ and its implications

• 9.3: Biology-building interface

• 9.4: Biology—Management interface

• 9.5: Conclusions and future trends

• References

• 10: Piglet mortality and morbidity: Inevitable or unacceptable?

• Abstract

• 10.1: Introduction

• 10.2: Mortality and welfare

• 10.3: Mortality patterns and trends

• 10.4: Interventions to reduce mortality and their implications

• 10.5: Conclusions and future trends

• References

• 11: Lifetime consequences of the early physical and social environment of piglets

• Abstract

• 11.1: Introduction

• 11.2: Influences of the physical environment

• 11.3: Influences of the social environment

• 11.4: Interactions of the physical and social environment

• 11.5: Relevance to pig production

• 11.6: Conclusions

• References

• 12: Managing tail biting in pigs: Preventing risk factors or docking tails?

• Abstract

• Acknowledgments

• 12.1: Introduction

• 12.2: What motivates tail biting?

• 12.3: Risk factors for tail biting: The pig

• 12.4: Risk factors for tail biting: The environment

• 12.5: Early identification of tail biting

• 12.6: Handling tail biting outbreaks

• 12.7: Consequences of tail biting

• 12.8: Consequences of tail docking

• 12.9: Conclusions and future perspectives

• References

• 13: Gaining and maintaining interest: Recent advances in enrichment for pigs

• Abstract

• 13.1: Introduction

• 13.2: What is (good) enrichment?

• 13.3: Critical reflections on enrichment studies

• 13.4: Enrichment for different age categories of pigs

• 13.5: Conclusions

• References

• 14: Aggression in group-housed sows, weaners, and grower-finisher pigs

• Abstract

• 14.1: Introduction

• 14.2: Aggression and the dominance hierarchy

• 14.3: Pig aggression in commercial farms

• 14.4: Factors that affect aggression around mixing

• 14.5: Factors that affect sow aggression

• 14.6: Conclusions

• 14.7: Future trends

• References

• 15: Transport of pigs to slaughter and associated handling

• Abstract

• 15.1: Introduction

• 15.2: On-farm handling

• 15.3: Transport

• 15.4: Reception at the slaughter plant

• 15.5: Transport of cull sows to slaughter

• 15.6: Conclusions and future trends

• References

• 16: Slaughter of pigs

• Abstract

• 16.1: Introduction

• 16.2: Lairage

• 16.3: Moving to the stunning area

• 16.4: Bleeding

• 16.5: Stunning

• 16.6: Stunning methods

• 16.7: Monitoring welfare at slaughterhouse according to Welfare Quality

• 16.8: On-farm killing

• 16.9: Training in animal welfare at slaughter

• 16.10: Slaughter welfare legislation and codes

• 16.11: Future trends

• References

• Part Three: Pig welfare management topics

• 17: On-farm and post-mortem health assessment

• Abstract

• 17.1: Introduction

• 17.2: On-farm assessment of health

• 17.3: Assessment of health at the abattoir

• 17.4: Future trends

• References

• 18: Pig-human interactions: Creating a positive perception of humans to ensure pig welfare

• Abstract

• 18.1: Importance of a good human-pig relationship in farms

• 18.2: Sensory channels in pig-humans interactions

• 18.3: Perception of humans by pigs

• 18.4: Consequences of negative and positive human-pig relationship

• 18.5: Potential ways of improving the human-pig relationship

• 18.6: Conclusion

• References

• 19: Breeding for pig welfare: Opportunities and challenges

• Abstract

• 19.1: Introduction

• 19.2: Genetic interactions between production and welfare traits

• 19.3: State of the art in breeding for improved pig welfare

• 19.4: Barriers to breeding for pig welfare

• 19.5: The role of modern breeding tools in overcoming barriers to selection

• 19.6: Conclusions and future trends

• References

• 20: Precision livestock farming and technology in pig husbandry

• Abstract

• 20.1: Introduction

• 20.2: History of technology on the pig farm

• 20.3: Precision livestock farming technology

• 20.4: Animal responses that are welfare indicators

• 20.5: Potential PLF technologies and their readiness for the pig farm

• 20.6: Potential of PLF to improve welfare assessment

• 20.7: Practical considerations

• 20.8: Limitations of PLF

• 20.9: Social and ethical considerations

• 20.10: Conclusion

• References

• 21: Pigs as laboratory animals

• Abstract

• 21.1: Introduction

• 21.2: Monitoring of laboratory pig welfare

• 21.3: Welfare and housing

• 21.4: Welfare and feeding

• 21.5: Welfare and human–animal interaction

• 21.6: Management and alleviation of pain and discomfort

• 21.7: Future trends and conclusions

• References

• Part Four: Pig welfare from a global perspective

• 22: How much do people care about pig welfare, and how much will they pay for it?

• Abstract

• Acknowledgements

• 22.1: Introduction

• 22.2: The Brambell Committee and the origin of the modern idea of farm animal welfare

• 22.3: National animal welfare legislation

• 22.4: Animal welfare rules and standards at European and global level

• 22.5: Market-driven animal welfare

• 22.6: The relative importance of legislation and market-driven initiatives for pork welfare

• 22.7: Perceptions of, and willingness to pay for, pig welfare

• 22.8: Conclusion

• References

• 23: Global developments in pig welfare: From legislation to market-driven change

• Abstract

• 23.1: Introduction

• 23.2: Legislation

• 23.3: Labelling schemes

• 23.4: Pig welfare from a global perspective

• 23.5: Concluding remarks

• References

• 24: The economics of pig welfare

• Abstract

• 24.1: Introduction

• 24.2: An economic analysis applied to pig welfare

• 24.3: Economic significance of specific issues in pig welfare

• 24.4: Concluding remarks

• References

• 25: Effects of climate change on pig welfare

• Abstract

• 25.1: Introduction

• 25.2: Heat stress as a result of global warming

• 25.3: Extreme climate events and disasters

• 25.4: New diseases

• 25.5: Conclusions

• References

• 26: Farmer attitudes towards pig welfare

• Abstract

• 26.1: Introduction

• 26.2: Pig farmers’ conception of farm animal welfare

• 26.3: Attitudes towards pig sentience and husbandry practices that influence animal welfare

• 26.4: Participating in animal welfare assurance programs

• 26.5: Concluding remarks and future work

• References

• Index

Dr Irene Camerlink

Is a researcher in animal behaviour and welfare, with a focus on the social behaviour of pigs. She conducted her PhD at Wageningen University (Netherlands) and thereafter worked as postdoctoral researcher at SRUC (Edinburgh, UK) and Vetmeduni, Vienna (Austria) before taking a position as Associate Professor (Hab.) at the Institute of Genetics and Animal Biotechnology of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland. She has over 65 peer-reviewed publications and is Editor-in-chief of the journal Applied Animal Behaviour Science. She is editor of the books 'Animal Welfare in Practice: Pigs' and ‘Bridging Research Disciplines to Advance Animal Welfare Science’. Throughout her career she has studied pig behaviour and welfare by combining multiple disciplines such as genetics, ethology, behavioural ecology and social sciences.

Affiliations and expertise

Assistant Professor, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland

Dr Emma Baxter

Is Associate Professor at SRUC, Edinburgh specialising in animal behaviour and welfare, with over 20 years of research experience particularly related to integrated pig science. Her main interests include; neonatal survival, developing alternative farrowing and lactation systems, implementing uptake of high welfare systems and practices and mitigating the health and welfare impacts of selection for production traits such as hyper-prolificacy. She has over 40 peer-reviewed publications and six book chapters. She works closely with industry with all sectors of the supply chain, providing consultancy and specialising in outreach to translate research into practice.

Affiliations and expertise

Associate Professor, SRUC (Scotland’s Rural College), UK