Visual atlas of oral pathologies in dogs

1. Introduction

• Dental positional terminology
• Histological tooth structure in canines and felines
• Diagram of dog and cat dentition
• Example of periodontal probing
• Periodontal disease classification (AVDC, 2007)
• Classification of plaque and dental calculus index (Logan & Boyce, 1994)
• Gingival index (Wolf et al., 2005)
• Stages of mobility (American Veterinary Dental College, 2007)
• Classification of furcation involvement/exposure (AVDC, 2007)
• Dental fracture classification (AVDC, 2007)
• Endo-periodontal lesions
• Classification of tooth resorption (based on the severity of the resorption) (AVDC, 2007)

2. Oral pathology in dogs

• Dental physiological and radiological oral cavity in dogs

1. 1. Permanent teeth
   2. Deciduous teeth
   3. Normal tooth eruption
   4. Dog dental radiography models

• Occlusion and malocclusion
• Occlusion

1. 1. Incisal area
   2. Area of the first premolars
   3. Canine teeth area
   4. Area of the last premolars and molars

• Malocclusion

1. 1. Dental crowding
   2. Dental absence
   3. Mandibular distocclusion (class 2 malocclusion)
   4. Mandibular mesiocclusion (class 3 malocclusion)
   5. Tooth displacement

1. 1. • Linguoversion of the mandibular canine teeth
      • Mesioversion of the maxillary canine teeth
   1. Supernumerary teeth
   2. Maxillary-mandibular asymmetry in a dorsoventral direction (“open bite”)
   3. Rostral crossbite
   4. Caudal crossbite
   5. Persistent teeth
   6. Teeth rotation
   7. Maxillary-mandibular asymmetry in a rostrocaudal direction
   8. Systemic pathologies and their impact on the oral cavity
   9. Secondary hyperparathyroidism
   10. Contact dermatitis
   11. Leishmaniasis
   12. Lymphoma
   13. Systemic lupus erythematosus
   14. Facial paralysis
   15. Bullous pemphigoid
   16. Tetanus

• Pathologies of the oral cavity
• Neoplasms

1. 1. 1. Non-neoplastic processes. Gingival hyperplasia
      2. Ameloblastoma
      3. Peripheral ameloblastoma (acanthomatous epulis)
      4. Squamous cell carcinoma
      5. Peripheral odontogenic fibroma (fibromatous-ossifying epulis)
      6. Fibrosarcoma
      7. Haemangiosarcoma
      8. Mast cell tumour
      9. Melanoma
      10. Osteosarcoma
      11. Round cell tumour

• Immunological aetiology

Eosinophilic myositis
Mucocutaneous pyoderma

• Congenital and development-related

Juvenile cellulitis
Cleft lip
Macroglossia
Craniomandibular osteopathy
Cheilitis-dermatitis of the lips
Cleft palate
Cleft nose

• Metabolic and iatrogenic aetiology

Calcinosis circumscripta
Oronasal fistula
Salivary sialocoele or ranula
Eosinophilic granuloma
Traumatic aetiology
Soft tissue lesions
Foreign body

• Traumatic dermatitis
• Sublingual granuloma (“cheek-chewing lesion”)
• Lingual lesions
• Lesions from occlusion/malocclusion
• Burns from electric wiring
• Trauma by external bite

Hard tissue lesions

1. 1. 1. Mandibular fractures
      2. Maxillary fractures

Bacterial aetiology

1. 1. 1. Periodontal disease
      2. Ulcerative stomatitis. Contact ulcers
      3. Necrotising ulcerative stomatitis
      4. Fistulous tract of dental aetiology
      5. Oronasal fistula
      6. Osteomyelitis in the oral cavity

Viral, mycotic and parasitic aetiology

1. 1. 1. Demodicosis
      2. Myiasis
      3. Papillomatosis

References
Alphabetical index

Javier Collados Soto

Javier Collados Soto graduated in Veterinary Medicine from the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM) in 1994. Specialising exclusively in Veterinary Dentistry and Oral Surgery, he works in numerous veterinary practices and hospitals in Spain, concentrating his services in Madrid. He is responsible for the Dentistry and Oral Surgery service at the Sierra de Madrid Veterinary Hospital. He was a lecturer and subject coordinator in Animal Dentistry at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the Alfonso X el Sabio University of Madrid.
Always showing his interest for his specialisation, he has had several stays at the Dentistry and Oral Surgery Service of the University of California (UCDavis) Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, USA.
He has been member of the European Veterinary Dental Society (EVDS) since 1999 and he is also one of the founder members of the Spanish Society of Veterinary Experimental Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery (SEOVE, Sociedad Española de Odontología-Cirugía Maxilofacial Veterinaria y Experimental).
He has published many articles in this specialty and has participated as a speaker in conferences and national and international courses in the field of Veterinary Dentistry.