• Diseases of Bivalves: Historical and Current Perspectives is a novel reference covering all known diseases of cultured and fished bivalve mollusks from around the world. Written by a renowned expert in the field of shellfish, the author presents a historical perspective of disease discovery, explaining when and where each disease first occurred and identified to current research findings. This reference describes the infectious agent that causes each disease and environmental conditions that promote infection symptoms and signs of the disease in the host, both as noted in individual animals and in the affected populations, and resultant morbidity and mortality of infected populations. The book offers past and current possible prevention and management methods to control disease in current and projected geographical locations. This is a complete resource for aquatic and veterinary pathologists, aquaculturists, government regulators, disease specialists and researchers, bivalve researchers, and students alike. Diseases include Metazoan Disease, Viral diseases, Fungal Disease, and more.

    • Presents microscopic visuals to illustrate the disease in bivalves
    • Includes graphs showing changes in disease prevalence and severity
    • Provides methods of diagnosis of infection by disease producing organisms
  • SECTION: 1 Introduction

    SECTION: 2 Oysters

    1. Agent information

    2. Disease

    3. History of discovery

    4. Current research

    SECTION: 3 Clams

    5. Agent information

    6. Disease

    7. History of discovery

    8. Current research

    SECTION: 4 SUMMARY

  • Roxanna Smolowitz

    Graduated from Purdue University, School of Veterinary Medicine in 1981. She finished a residency in pathology at Angell Memorial Animal Hospital, Boston, MA, in 1984 and a Bang Fellowship at the Marine Biological Laboratory (MBL) in 1987 where she studied hemocytic leukemia in soft shell clams. From 1987 to 1989, she was a guest researcher with Dr. John Stegeman (Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution) and studied pollutant effects resulting in P 450 enzyme induction in tissues of fish (especially salmon exposed to the Valdez oil spill). In 1988, she was hired by the Laboratory for Aquatic Animal Medicine and Pathology, University of Pennsylvania’s School of Veterinary School, located at the MBL. She worked for several years as an aquatic pathologist and conducted research projects on diseases of aquatic animals. In 1999, she was hired by the MBL as the Laboratory Animal Veterinarian and as an associate researcher. From 2008 to 2009, she was the Director of Animal Health at the New England Aquarium. In 2009, she became the director of a new Aquatic Diagnostic Laboratory (ADL) at Roger Williams University in Bristol, RI.

    Affiliations and expertise

    Director of a new Aquatic Diagnostic Laboratory (ADL) at Roger Williams University in Bristol, RI.

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